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How to use the Template View Controller design pattern in PHP for web development?

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by darrion.kuhn , in category: PHP General , 2 years ago

How to use the Template View Controller design pattern in PHP for web development?

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1 answer

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by denis , 2 years ago

@darrion.kuhn 

The Template View Controller (TVC) design pattern is a popular architectural pattern for web development that separates concerns of handling user requests (Controller), rendering data to the user (View), and processing business logic (Model). Here's how you can use the TVC pattern in PHP:

  1. Define your models: Start by defining your business logic in models. Models should handle all the database operations and define the data structures used by your application.
  2. Define your controllers: Controllers should handle user requests and direct the flow of the application. In TVC, controllers are responsible for retrieving data from models and passing it to views for rendering.
  3. Define your views: Views should only handle the presentation of data to the user. In TVC, views are responsible for rendering HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create the user interface. Views should not contain any application logic.
  4. Connect your controllers and models: To retrieve data from models, your controllers need to instantiate the models and call their methods to retrieve data.
  5. Connect your controllers and views: Your controllers should pass data retrieved from models to the views for rendering. Views should not access the models directly.
  6. Implement the TVC pattern in PHP: To implement TVC, you can use a framework such as Laravel or Symfony that provide support for the TVC pattern out of the box. Alternatively, you can implement the pattern manually by creating separate directories for your models, controllers, and views and organizing your code accordingly.


Here's an example of a simple TVC implementation in PHP:

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// Model
class UserModel {
    public function getUserById($id) {
        // database logic to retrieve user by id
    }
}

// Controller
class UserController {
    public function showUser($id) {
        $userModel = new UserModel();
        $user = $userModel->getUserById($id);
        require_once('views/user.php');
    }
}

// View (views/user.php)
<html>
<head>
    <title>User Details</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>User Details</h1>
    <p>Name: <?php echo $user->name ?></p>
    <p>Email: <?php echo $user->email ?></p>
</body>
</html>


In this example, the UserModel handles the database logic, UserController retrieves the user data from the UserModel and passes it to the view for rendering, and the User view only handles the presentation of the user data to the user.

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