How to use CakePHP's built-in authorization system?

@deron 

CakePHP has a built-in authorization system that allows you to control access to your application's resources based on a set of rules. To use the CakePHP authorization system, you will need to perform the following steps:

1. Set up authentication: You will need to configure CakePHP's authentication system to authenticate users before they can access protected resources. This can be done using various authentication adapters provided by CakePHP, such as Form, Basic, or Digest authentication.
2. Define authorization rules: Once you have set up authentication, you can define authorization rules to control access to your application's resources. This can be done using the isAuthorized() method in your controller or using a separate Authorization object. The isAuthorized() method should return true if the user is authorized to access the requested resource, and false otherwise.
3. Configure authorization: You will need to configure CakePHP's authorization system to use the rules you have defined. This can be done in the AppController class by setting the $components property to include the Auth component and the authorize option to specify the authorization object or the method to use.

Here's an example of how to use CakePHP's built-in authorization system:

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// AppController.php

class AppController extends Controller
{
    public function initialize()
    {
        parent::initialize();
        $this->loadComponent('Auth', [
            'authenticate' => [
                'Form' => [
                    'fields' => ['username' => 'email', 'password' => 'password']
                ]
            ],
            'authorize' => ['Controller'],
            'loginAction' => [
                'controller' => 'Users',
                'action' => 'login'
            ]
        ]);
    }

    public function isAuthorized($user)
    {
        // Check if user is allowed to access the requested resource
        return true; // or false
    }
}

In this example, we've configured the Auth component to use Form authentication and the Controller authorization method. We've also defined an isAuthorized() method that checks whether the user is authorized to access the requested resource.

Note that the exact implementation of the isAuthorized() method will depend on your application's specific authorization requirements. You may need to check the user's role or permissions, or perform other checks to determine whether the user should be allowed to access the requested resource.