How to prevent schema modification by the user in postgresql?

@muriel.schmidt 

In PostgreSQL, preventing schema modification by the user can be achieved by using database roles and privileges effectively. Here are some ways to prevent schema modification by the user:

1. Grant only necessary privileges to users: When creating database roles, only grant the necessary privileges needed for their specific tasks. For example, do not grant the user the "CREATE" or "ALTER" schema privileges if they do not need to modify the schema.
2. Use role-based access control: You can use the concept of role-based access control to restrict access to certain schema objects. Define roles with specific permissions and assign them accordingly to users to restrict their ability to modify schemas.
3. Implement schema-level permissions: PostgreSQL allows for granular control over schema objects by setting specific permissions on them. You can revoke the "ALTER" privilege on specific schemas or objects from users who should not be allowed to modify them.
4. Regularly review and audit privileges: It is important to regularly review user privileges and audit access to schema objects to ensure that users do not have unnecessary permissions to modify schemas.
5. Limit access to superuser accounts: Avoid granting superuser privileges to regular users as they have full control over the database schema. Limit access to superuser accounts to only trusted individuals who need it for administrative tasks.

By following these best practices, you can effectively prevent schema modification by users in PostgreSQL and ensure the security and integrity of your database schema.